Patient Care Technician (PCT) AAH Practice Exam

What electrolyte imbalance is represented by hyperkalemia?

1. Excess potassium

2. Deficient potassium

3. Excess sodium

4. Deficient sodium

The correct answer is: Excess potassium

Hyperkalemia is specifically characterized by an excess of potassium in the bloodstream. Potassium is a critical electrolyte that plays various key roles in the body, particularly in maintaining proper cell function, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction, including the heart. When there is an excess of potassium, it can lead to significant health issues, such as arrhythmias and muscle weakness, and can be life-threatening if not managed appropriately. Identifying this imbalance correctly is essential for appropriate treatment and management. The other options pertain to different electrolyte states. A deficiency in potassium refers to hypokalemia, while an excess of sodium is known as hypernatremia. A deficiency in sodium is called hyponatremia. Understanding these terms helps clarify the specific condition represented by hyperkalemia, reinforcing the importance of recognizing electrolyte imbalances in patient care.